First the R51 frame:
Simple gusset around the steering head
The frame had no bracing in the "interior" volume. Looks to be very flexible, not in a good way.
There is a spot for the battery right in front of the rear fender, on the right side
The R51/3 frame:
Brace on the across the down tubes, right below the steering head (a little hard to see) and a second one that is easy to see
Brace from front to the seat post, just as with the post-55 /2 frames
Brace from top to bottom. Note that the battery box on the '54 frame not only had a "floor" but also a "back". Prior to '54, the battery only had a floor.
Don't mind the bandages.
I will add that I weighed the two frames, both powder coated. The '54 frame is 5 pounds heavier that the '39 frame. The price of stiffness.